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Fecal incontinence – also called anal incontinence – is the term used when bowel movements cannot be controlled. Stool (feces/waste/poop) leaks out of the rectum when you don’t want it too, which means not during planned bathroom breaks. This leakage occurs with or without your knowledge. Fecal incontinence happens more often in women than in men and also happens more often among older people.
The term fecal incontinence is used if any of these situations occur:
Several factors affect continence of stool or the ability to control bowel movement:
If any of these body functions are not working properly, you may have fecal incontinence.
You'll be evaluated by a gastroenterologist and/or a colorectal surgeon who is trained to help you. Your doctor will ask you questions about your condition and then perform a physical exam and a rectal exam. Don’t be embarrassed to talk to your healthcare provider. They understand you may feel uncomfortable talking about this problem.
The following tests may be done to diagnose fecal incontinence:
Depending on the cause of fecal incontinence, treatment can include one or more of these approaches: dietary changes, bowel training (biofeedback), medications or surgery.
The goal of dietary changes is that you avoid foods or drinks that may cause loose stools, including:
Other foods thicken the stool, which may help fecal control. These foods include:
There are two types of bowel training. The goal of the first type is to develop a "going-to-the-bathroom" pattern. By setting up a routine, you can gain greater control over your bowel movements. Taking a daily enema at consistent times will help control stool removal and decrease episodes of fecal incontinence. Don’t use an enema without checking with your doctor first.
The goal of the second type of bowel training is to learn certain exercises that can strengthen the muscles around the anus. A trained therapist will teach you how to locate the correct muscles and perform the exercises. This process is called biofeedback.
Medications that are usually prescribed include anti-diarrheal drugs and fiber supplements. These medications decrease movement of the stool through the intestine and firm up the stool. Don’t use over-the-counter medications without checking with your doctor first.
Since fecal leakage leads to anal skin irritation, moisture–barrier creams — such as those used for a baby's diaper rash — are used to protect the skin. These products can be used indefinitely. As needed, adult diapers are another consideration. Finally, loose clothing and cotton underwear can help provide comfort. Don’t use over-the-counter incontinence medications without checking with your doctor first.
Last reviewed by a Cleveland Clinic medical professional on 11/30/2020.
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Cleveland Clinic is a non-profit academic medical center. Advertising on our site helps support our mission. We do not endorse non-Cleveland Clinic products or services. Policy